Financial dictionary

Pawnshop a lending agency that offers citizens the opportunity to obtain a loan secured by collateral.
Pledge It is a security interest under which the secured creditor may enforce the pledged asset with priority over other creditors, including the government, in the satisfaction of the secured claim.
Pledge debtor A pledgee is any natural or legal person who is the owner, another possessor, or a legal usufructuary of the property pledged and who has the right to dispose of such property.
Secured creditor the person in whose favor the pledge was established.
Pawn ticket/contract It is a document issued when items are pawned at the pawnshop. It contains information about the borrower, the pawned item, the appraised value, the loan amount, the terms of the contract, and the repayment or extension deadline.
Interest refers to the amount that must be paid for borrowing, or using, a sum of money for a specific period; more specifically, it is the amount that a borrower (debtor) pays to a lender (creditor) for the money borrowed.
Interest rate a specific portion of the interest that the borrower is required to pay to the lender within the time period and in accordance with the procedure set forth in the contract.
Grace period This is the period (30 days), beginning on the day following the loan repayment deadline, during which the pawnshop is not entitled to take any action regarding the pledged item.
The parties to the contract lender and borrower.
Extension postponement, the option to extend the term of the contract or loan.
Precious metals gold, silver, platinum, and platinum group metals (palladium, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium), regardless of their state or form, including in native form, refined form, as well as in raw materials, alloys, semi-finished products, industrial products, chemical compounds, and industrial and consumer scrap and waste;
Precious stones natural diamonds, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, alexandrites, and natural pearls (excluding freshwater and lake pearls), in their natural and processed forms, as well as unique pieces of amber
Articles made of precious metals and gemstones articles made of precious metal alloys, using various types of artistic craftsmanship, with or without inlays of precious stones and other materials of natural or artificial origin, used as jewelry (rings, bracelets, necklaces, brooches, earrings, chains, key chains, etc.), personal items (cigarette cases, snuff boxes, powder compacts, candy boxes, lighters, eyeglasses, watches, etc.), household items and/or items for ritual and decorative purposes, coins, ingots, etc.
Values precious metals and gemstones, and articles made from them
Bars gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, cast in special molds that comply with the national standards and technical regulations for these metals in force in the Republic of Moldova, or with international standards, accompanied by precious metal quality certificates issued by the competent authority
Monetary gold the portion of financial gold held as an asset by the National Bank of Moldova as part of the state’s international reserves
Scrap containing precious metals parts, assemblies, articles, and materials containing precious metals that have lost their functional purpose and/or consumer qualities and are unusable for their intended purpose
Waste containing precious metals industrial and consumer waste, in any condition and in any form, containing precious metals
Use of precious metals and gemstones the use of precious metals and gemstones for financial, manufacturing, scientific, socio-cultural, and other purposes
State registration mark a state hallmark established in the Republic of Moldova, which is applied to jewelry and other articles made of precious metals and certifies the fineness of the precious metals
Hallmarking of Precious Metals the application of the state hallmark to jewelry and other articles made of precious metals
Assaying of Precious Metals Determination of the fineness of jewelry and other articles made of precious metals using established methods
Title alloy fineness, which indicates the number of units of weight of the base precious metal per thousand units of weight of the alloy
Appraisal of Precious Metals the determination of the qualitative and/or quantitative characteristics of metals by the competent authority authorized to certify the conformity of precious metal products (articles) with national standards and technical regulations, the results of which are documented, as appropriate, in the form of a quality certificate or report
Identification of Gemstones determining the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of gemstones, including for classification and/or cost determination
Appraisal of precious stones. determination of the value of precious stones based on the results of their examination.
Processing of precious metals. extraction of precious metals from scraps and waste, chemical compounds, concentrates, and semi-finished products containing precious metals.
Refining. the process of purifying precious metals extracted from mixtures and compounds in order to bring them into compliance with national standards and technical regulations in force within the Republic of Moldova, or with international standards.
Special record keeping. maintenance of the special register of legal entities and individuals engaged in activities involving precious metals and precious stones, as well as those carrying out activities within pawnshops.
Pawning of articles made of precious metals and precious stones. depositing articles made of precious metals and precious stones in pawnshops (lombards) and financial institutions in order to obtain a loan (credit).
Activities involving precious metals and precious stones. operations involving: industrial processing of precious metals and precious stones, including scraps and waste containing precious metals; manufacturing and repair (restoration) of jewelry and other items; sale, purchase, pawning (pledging as collateral), storage, import, shipment, and export of precious metals, precious stones, and articles made from them into/from the Republic of Moldova; appraisal and hallmarking of jewelry and other articles made of precious metals and precious stones; other operations involving precious metals, precious stones, and articles made from them.